As a large-scale infrastructure project, the construction process of hydropower station involves complex technical, environmental and social challenges. The following are the main difficulties and solutions:
Geological and topographic challenges
Difficulties:
Hydropower stations are mostly built in mountains and valleys, facing geological risks such as faults, landslides and karst. For example, the dam site of Baihetan Hydropower Station on the Jinsha River is located in a seismically active zone and needs to deal with high intensity seismic design.
1. Basin ecological damage: Reservoir inundation may affect fish migration channels (such as the Yangtze River Chinese sturgeon) and terrestrial habitats.
2. Soil erosion and sediment deposition: The annual inflow of silt in Xiaolangdi Hydropower Station of the Yellow River once reached 1.6 billion tons, threatening the storage capacity.
1. Large-scale resettlement: more than 1.3 million people migrated to the Three Gorges Project, involving complex issues such as land compensation and cultural protection.
2. Difficulty in cross-regional coordination: Lancang River cascade power station affects middle and downstream countries and requires international consultation.
Q: Bailey Bridges and hydropower plants seem unrelated. How are they connected?
A: A Bailey Bridge is a modular steel-truss structure known for rapid assembly and heavy-load capacity, while hydropower plants require infrastructure built in remote, rugged terrains. Their connection lies in the critical need for temporary logistics during hydropower construction.
Q: How do Bailey Bridges support hydropower projects?
A: Hydropower sites often face transportation challenges in mountainous or riverine areas. Bailey Bridges can swiftly span gaps to create temporary access. For example, during a hydropower project in Yunnan, China, a 300-meter Bailey Bridge was erected in 72 hours, enabling the delivery of 100-ton turbine components. Its modular design allows disassembly and redeployment as construction phases progress, boosting efficiency.
Q: Do these temporary bridges harm the environment?
A: Compared to traditional earthworks, Bailey Bridges minimize ground disruption. At the Baihetan Hydropower Station, engineers combined Bailey Bridges with eco-friendly practices, achieving “zero ground compaction” in protected plant zones. The steel components are reusable, aligning with sustainable construction principles.
Q: Are Bailey Bridges discarded after a hydropower plant is completed?
A: Some are repurposed for long-term use. At the Three Gorges Dam, retained Bailey Bridges still serve as maintenance routes, transporting inspection equipment and supporting emergency repairs. Their military-grade durability has withstood decades of floods and heavy usage.
From wartime innovation to modern engineering ally, Bailey Bridges exemplify adaptability. They act as “steel lifelines” for hydropower development, bridging not just rivers but also the gap between temporary needs and permanent infrastructure. This synergy highlights how modular solutions can harmonize efficiency, environmental stewardship, and enduring utility in large-scale projects.
